London

• London had ozone issues week before olympics, but Westerly winds prevailed (HPA, 2013)

Paris

• Paris promising to half the carbon footprint of the Olympics (Kimathi, 2024)
• Almost all outdoor sports fields in Paris exceed WHO’s recommendations (Day, 2024)
• Olympic village roads built around two schools, has 5 air purifiers to try to mitigate cars (Day, 2024)
• Airparif has forecasted high ozone pollution for Paris a week before the games begin (Carro, 2024)
• WHO guidelines exceeded for air quality in almost all sports fields studied.  For example, the Reims-Asnieres tennis court has 4x the NO2 recommendation and 3x the PM2.5 recommendation from WHO (Respire, 2024)
• Paris Olympic marathon at night to reduce exposure to particles from road traffic and also avoid the heat, which can cause peaks in ozone pollution (Respire, 2024)
• 5 outdoor air purifiers within Olympic village, but not in nearby schools that are impacted by increased traffic from Olympics (Respire, 2024)
• ⅓ of stadiums in Paris are near a ring road (Respire, 2024)
• Chronic exposure to air pollution is the third highest cause of death in France (Respire, 2024)
• Thousands of athletes will be in Paris on Friday (14,250 for Olympic, 8,000 for Paralympic) (McGowan, 2024)
• Of the 112 establishments, the vast majority exceeded WHO recommendations for main pollutants (Respire, 2024)
• Olympics provide opportunity to test carpooling and public transport on Paris ring road (Respire, 2024)
• Map measures outdoor air pollution levels of NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 at every Olympic site (Respire, 2024)
• Purpose is to adapt behaviour to limit air pollution exposure through colour-coded zones based on WHO recommendations and EU standards (Respire, 2024)
• Real-time or annual data from 2012 to 2023, type of pollutant, location, geolocate self (Respire, 2024)
• 101 of the 122 Olympic sites have bad levels of NO2 - data from 2023 (Respire, 2024)
• 27 of the 122 Olympic sites have bad levels of PM10 - data from 2023 (Respire, 2024)
• 76 of the 122 Olympic sites have bad levels of PM2.5 - data from 2023 (Respire, 2024)
• 95% of the sports venues are above the air quality recommendations set by the World Health Organization (rfi, 2024)
• Vast majority of sites that were the worst polluted were near the ring road (rfi, 2024)
• Pollution can lead to asthma attacks, dizzy spells, and prevent athletes from reaching peak performance levels (rfi, 2024)
• Olympic Village has 5 air purifiers for the first time ever (rfi, 2024)

Beijing

• Greening Diplomacy Initiative - began in 2008 with monitor installed for Beijing Summer Olympics (Tran, 2024)
• Air pollution fell 19% during the 2008 Beijing Olympics due to every-other-day driving restriction (Zheng & Kahn, 2017)
• Air pollution fell 8% due to one-day-per-week restriction (Zheng & Kahn, 2017)
• 2008 Summer Olympics had “Green Olympics” theme for environmental improvements and sustainable development (Mead & Brajer, 2008)
• Beijing was the world's most polluted capital, switched to natural gas from coal, shut down or relocated factories, and emission control from public transport.  A lot of this was made possible through the municipal government (Mead & Brajer, 2008)
• Predicted 30,000 emergency room visits were avoided by having cleaner air (Mead & Brajer, 2008)
• Better air quality dissipated after the games, practically gone after a year (Liu & Ogunc, 2023)
• Some polluting plants and surrounding suburbs moved farther away (Liu & Ogunc, 2023)
• Odd-even rule for when you are allowed on the road (odd registration number = allowed to drive on odd calendar days) (Liu & Ogunc, 2023)
• 48% of total transportation is public (Liu & Ogunc, 2023)
• Intervention efforts last beyond time of Games, but some of the improvement reverted since several measures were temporary (Liu & Ogunc, 2023)
• Plants that were relocated or permanently closed had long-term improvement on Beijing air quality, but it is not economically sustainable to shut down the most polluting plants (Liu & Ogunc, 2023)
• Public awareness of air pollution in China led to increased government action (Liu & Ogunc, 2023)
• Record levels of air pollution in China were reached in 2013, dubbed the Airpocalypse (Associated Press, 2022)
• Factories could be shut down for short periods of time to clear skies for large events, such as the Olympics (Associated Press, 2022)
• “...improved air quality during the regulation period significantly reduced the mortality rates in the regulated cities.” in reference to 2008 Beijing Games (BOG08) (He et al., 2016)
• External causes lead to change (ex: exogenous stimuli such as the Olympics) (He et al., 2016)
• During the 2008 Games, PM10 pollution was reduced by 30% in Beijing (He et al., 2016)
• 10% reduction in PM10 results in an 8% decrease in mortality all-cause rate. This would avert 285,000 premature deaths in China every year (He et al., 2016)